AdvancedHigh risk

Instantaneous / heat-pump hot water — no power or fault light

An instantaneous electric or heat-pump hot water unit shows no power or a fault indicator and isn't heating — different from a simple storage element fault.

Safety first

These units have their own controls and (heat pumps) refrigeration circuits. Isolate, prove dead, and follow the manufacturer's documentation. Don't open sealed refrigeration components.

Isolate, lock out / tag out, and prove dead before working unless a live test is specifically required, authorised, and carried out under proper supervision. Always follow local regulations, your site procedures, and the equipment manufacturer's documentation.

Apprentice mode

Full walk-through — the why, what readings mean, mistakes & safety.

Likely causes

Ranked from most to least likely.

  1. 1

    No supply / tripped protection

    Most likely

    Lost supply or a tripped breaker/safety switch leaves the unit dead.

  2. 2

    Unit fault code / lockout

    #2

    The unit's controller is in a fault/lockout state (sensor, flow, refrigeration, etc.).

  3. 3

    Controlled-load timing (heat pump on off-peak)

    #3

    Some heat pumps run on controlled-load and only operate in a window.

  4. 4

    Internal component fault

    Least likely

    A failed control board, sensor, or (heat pump) compressor.

Reports are saved on this device to reflect what you actually find.

Testing sequence

Work through one test at a time. Expected reading and what each result means.

On the tools? Job Mode shows one test at a time with thumb-sized buttons — your place and readings carry straight over.

Enter Job Mode
Test 1 of 2
1

Confirm supply at the unit and check its protective device; note any fault code/indicator.

Expected reading

Supply present; any fault code recorded.

If it passes

Powered — work the unit's fault code per its documentation.

If it fails

No supply / tripped — restore (find why if tripped).

Mark this test
View all expected readings at once
1. Confirm supply at the unit and check its protective device; note any fault code/indicator.
Supply present; any fault code recorded.
2. Check whether it's a controlled-load unit and whether it's within its operating window.
Operating window/controlled-load active as expected.

Fault-finding flowchart

The same logic as a decision tree.

  1. 1
    start

    Instant/heat-pump HWS fault

    → step 2
  2. 2
    decision

    Is supply present at the unit (protection on)?

    Yes→ step 3No→ step 4
  3. 3
    decision

    Is it within its operating/controlled-load window?

    Yes→ step 5No→ step 6
  4. 4
    result

    Restore supply (find why if tripped).

  5. 5
    result

    Work the unit's fault code per documentation (escalate if needed).

  6. 6
    result

    Outside window / controlled-load not energised — chase that.

Common mistakes apprentices make

  • Treating it like a simple storage element (it isn't).
  • Ignoring the unit's own fault code.
  • Not realising a heat pump may run on controlled-load.
  • Opening sealed refrigeration components.

When to stop & escalate

These units are licensed electrical work and often need the manufacturer/qualified service for coded faults and refrigeration (heat pump) issues. Work to the unit's documentation.

If you're past your competence, authorisation, or the safe limits of the job — stop and hand it on. There's no fault worth getting hurt over.

Was this guide helpful?

Related faults